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<h2>Kharkov</h2>
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<A href="kharkov.htm">About&nbsp;Kharkov</A><br>
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<B>Kharkov</B> (Ха́рьков) is the second largest city in <A title=Ukraine 
href="/wiki/Ukraine">Ukraine</A> with a population of approximately 2 million. 
It is located in the northeast of the country. It is one of the main industrial, cultural and 
educational centres of Ukraine. 
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<A title="Location of Kharkiv" 
href="/wiki/Image:Charkiw-Ukraine-Map.png"><IMG height=166 
alt="Location of Kharkiv" 
src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Charkiw-Ukraine-Map.png/250px-Charkiw-Ukraine-Map.png" 
width=250 longDesc=/wiki/Image:Charkiw-Ukraine-Map.png></A><br>
<small>Map courtesy of <A href="wikipedia.org">wikipedia.org</A></small> </td>
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<A href="http://www.kharkov.ua/region/oblast_map-e.htm" name=Top><IMG height=166 
alt="Region Map (298 Kb)" hspace=10 src="http://www.kharkov.ua/region/images/reg-map-sm.gif" 
></A><BR><small>Map courtesy of <a href="http://www.kharkov.ua">www.kharkov.ua</a></small></td>
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      <P>The Kharkov region is situated in the North-East of Ukraine. It borders 
      Belgorod region of Russia in the North and North-East, Lugansk region in 
      the East, Donetsk region in the South-East, Dnipropetrovsk region in the 
      South-West, Poltava and Sumy regions in the West and North-West. The 
      territory of Kharkov region is 31,400 square kilometers. The extension 
      from North to South is 210 km, from East to West - 220 km.</P>
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           The climate is temperate continental. The winter lasts for 
      about 130 days. Frosts alternate with thaws. The summer is hot and lasts 
      140 days. The winds blow often: westerly in summer and in autumn, 
      and south-easterly and easterly in winter and spring. Autumn is a beautiful season, and is usually 
      warm and dry with a lot of sunny days. </td>
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      <td valign=top>The architecture in Kharkov is a mix of old and new. The Pokrovsky Cathedral, built in 1689, is the oldest city 
      building. This is a typical Ukrainian three-domed church. It was 
      severely damaged in World 
      War II, and restoration began in the early 1990s.
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      <IMG height=350 src="http://www.kharkov.ua/about/images/pokrov.jpg" width=242 border=0>
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      Svobody is the largest square in 
Ukraine and one of the largest in Europe. This is the venue of festivals, 
concerts, fairs, rallies, meetings, and other public events.
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         Kharkov is a strong center of 
      scientific education, with particular strength in aeronatics, physical sciences, 
      and mathematics. Kharkov scientists are known for their 
      contributions to genetics, cryogenic biology, powder metallurgy, transport 
      and turbo generator mechanical engineering, engine construction, and environmentally 
      clean fuel. In the 1980s there were about 180 research 
      institutions and R&amp;D groups operating in the city. These included 67 
      research institutes, 80,000 scientists, including 500 professors and more 
      than 4,500 candidates PhDs.
      <P>Kharkov is also a major industrial area and of items manufactured in Ukraine produces: 100% of steam turbines; 60% of 
      tractors, 55% of ball-bearings, 50% of numerically controlled machine tools, 
      50% of electric 
      machines, 45% of 
      natural gas, and 45% of 
      ceramic tiles and facing 
      slabs.</P>
                    
                      
          
         
          
           
          
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                <TD width=52>1627</TD>
                <TD width=343>The first record of Kharkov</TD></TR>
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                <TD vAlign=top width=52>1656</TD>
                <TD width=343>Tzar Alexey Michailovitch assigns the town as 
                  independent office of voevode (province) </TD></TR>
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                <TD width=52>1765 </TD>
                <TD width=343>Kharkov becomes the Centre of the Sloboda Ukraine Province</TD></TR>
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                <TD width=52>1917</TD>
                <TD width=343>Kharkov becomes the Capital of Ukraine</TD></TR>
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